Which of the following factors can contribute to the need for hard braking?

The need for hard braking is primarily influenced by sudden changes in traffic conditions. These changes can include unexpected stops by vehicles in front of you, rapid slowdowns due to road hazards, or any other unforeseen circumstances that require immediate action to avoid a collision. In such situations, a driver must quickly assess the environment and respond accordingly, which often results in hard braking to safely bring the vehicle to a stop.

Driving at a consistent speed typically allows for smoother driving and reduces the need for sudden stopping. When cruise control is engaged, it maintains a steady speed, minimizing the likelihood of abrupt braking unless external factors demand it. Continuous monitoring of the rear-view mirror can help in anticipating changes in traffic, but it does not directly contribute to situations that necessitate hard braking. Instead, it provides situational awareness that might help avoid scenarios that could lead to hard braking in the first place.